Shan Lu MD, PHD
Title Professor
Institution University of Massachusetts Medical School
Department Medicine
Division Infectious Diseases And Immunology
Address University of Massachusetts Medical School
364 Plantation Street, LRB
Worcester MA 01605
Telephone 508-856-6791
Email
Other Positions
Institution UMMS - School of Medicine
Department Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology

Institution UMMS - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Department Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology

Institution UMMS - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Department Clinical Population Health Research

Institution UMMS - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Department Immunology & Virology

Institution UMMS - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Department Interdisciplinary Graduate Program

Institution UMMS - Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Department MD/PhD Program

Institution UMMS - Programs, Centers & Institutes
Department Center for AIDS Research
Narrative

Academic Background

MD, 1982, Nanjing Medical College
PhD, 1991, UMass Worcester

Immunogenicity of Protein Antigens

Photo: 
Shan LuOur main interest is to understand the immunogenicity of protein antigens. The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) envelope proteins (Env) is used as a model system in our lab. Env, a two-subunit protein, is generated during the posttranslational cleavage process from a single precursor polyprotein. Env heterodimers are further organized into an oligomeric complex. Env conformation is critical for the interaction of HIV-1 with a number of viral receptors. Our work is to understand the immunogenicity of various Env subunits from different HIV-1 strains and to find the Env structures that HIV-1 uses to escape from host immune surveillance. Such information will be used to design noval HIV-1 vaccines. Direct DNA immunization using eukaryotic expression vectors to make proteins in vivo is a unique approach we have been using to study the immunogenicity of protein antigens. We are also working to further improve this evolving technology by studying the roles of cytokines and adjuvants in inducing the desired immune responses by direct DNA immunization.

Publications
1. Clapham PR, Lu S. Vaccinology: precisely tuned antibodies nab HIV. Nature. 2011; 477(7365):416-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
2. E X, Pickering MT, Debatis M, Castillo J, Lagadinos A, Wang S, Lu S, Kowalik TF. An E2F1-Mediated DNA Damage Response Contributes to the Replication of Human Cytomegalovirus. PLoS Pathog. 2011 May; 7(5):e1001342.
  View in: PubMed
 
3. Vaine M, Duenas-Decamp M, Peters P, Liu Q, Arthos J, Wang S, Clapham P, Lu S. Two Closely Related Env Antigens from the Same Patient Elicited Different Spectra of Neutralizing Antibodies against Heterologous HIV-1 Isolates. J Virol. 2011 May; 85(10):4927-36.
  View in: PubMed
 
4. Wang S, Goguen JD, Li F, Lu S. Involvement of CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses in LcrV DNA vaccine induced protection against lethal Yersinia pestis challenge. Vaccine. 2011 Sep 9; 29(39):6802-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
5. Lu S, Wang S, Grimes Serrano JM. Polyvalent AIDS vaccines. Curr HIV Res. 2010 Dec 1; 8(8):622-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
6. Vaine M, Wang S, Liu Q, Arthos J, Montefiori D, Goepfert P, McElrath MJ, Lu S. Profiles of human serum antibody responses elicited by three leading HIV vaccines focusing on the induction of Env-specific antibodies. PLoS One. 2010; 5(11):e13916.
  View in: PubMed
 
7. Wang Z, Zhang M, Wang Y, Jiao Y, Zhang L, Li L, Huang Z, Wu H, Li J, Lu S, Wang S. A versatile vector for the production of pseudotyped viruses expressing gp120 antigens from different clades of primary HIV-1 isolates. J Virol Methods. 2011 Jan; 171(1):183-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
8. Wang S, Mboudjeka I, Goguen JD, Lu S. Antigen engineering can play a critical role in the protective immunity elicited by Yersinia pestis DNA vaccines. Vaccine. 2010 Feb 23; 28(8):2011-9.
  View in: PubMed
 
9. Vaine M, Wang S, Hackett A, Arthos J, Lu S. Antibody responses elicited through homologous or heterologous prime-boost DNA and protein vaccinations differ in functional activity and avidity. Vaccine. 2010 Apr 9; 28(17):2999-3007.
  View in: PubMed
 
10. Abdel-Motal UM, Wang S, Awad A, Lu S, Wigglesworth K, Galili U. Increased immunogenicity of HIV-1 p24 and gp120 following immunization with gp120/p24 fusion protein vaccine expressing alpha-gal epitopes. Vaccine. 2010 Feb 17; 28(7):1758-65.
  View in: PubMed
 
11. Lu S, Wang S. Technical transformation of biodefense vaccines. Vaccine. 2009 Nov 5; 27 Suppl 4:D8-D15.
  View in: PubMed
 
12. Lu S. Gene-based adjuvants: a new meaning. Hum Gene Ther. 2009 Oct; 20(10):1101-2.
  View in: PubMed
 
13. Lu S. Heterologous prime-boost vaccination. Curr Opin Immunol. 2009 Jun; 21(3):346-51.
  View in: PubMed
 
14. Vaine M, Lu S, Wang S. Progress on the induction of neutralizing antibodies against HIV type 1 (HIV-1). BioDrugs. 2009; 23(3):137-53.
  View in: PubMed
 
15. Lu S. Immunogenicity of DNA vaccines in humans: it takes two to tango. Hum Vaccin. 2008 Nov-Dec; 4(6):449-52.
  View in: PubMed
 
16. Wang S, Kennedy JS, West K, Montefiori DC, Coley S, Lawrence J, Shen S, Green S, Rothman AL, Ennis FA, Arthos J, Pal R, Markham P, Lu S. Cross-subtype antibody and cellular immune responses induced by a polyvalent DNA prime-protein boost HIV-1 vaccine in healthy human volunteers. Vaccine. 2008 Jul 23; 26(31):3947-57.
  View in: PubMed
 
17. Kennedy JS, Co M, Green S, Longtine K, Longtine J, O'Neill MA, Adams JP, Rothman AL, Yu Q, Johnson-Leva R, Pal R, Wang S, Lu S, Markham P. The safety and tolerability of an HIV-1 DNA prime-protein boost vaccine (DP6-001) in healthy adult volunteers. Vaccine. 2008 Aug 18; 26(35):4420-4.
  View in: PubMed
 
18. Vaine M, Wang S, Crooks ET, Jiang P, Montefiori DC, Binley J, Lu S. Improved induction of antibodies against key neutralizing epitopes by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 DNA prime-protein boost vaccination compared to gp120 protein-only vaccination. J Virol. 2008 Aug; 82(15):7369-78.
  View in: PubMed
 
19. Wang S, Parker C, Taaffe J, Solórzano A, García-Sastre A, Lu S. Heterologous HA DNA vaccine prime--inactivated influenza vaccine boost is more effective than using DNA or inactivated vaccine alone in eliciting antibody responses against H1 or H3 serotype influenza viruses. Vaccine. 2008 Jul 4; 26(29-30):3626-33.
  View in: PubMed
 
20. Lu S, Wang S, Grimes-Serrano JM. Current progress of DNA vaccine studies in humans. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2008 Mar; 7(2):175-91.
  View in: PubMed
 
21. Wang S, Joshi S, Mboudjeka I, Liu F, Ling T, Goguen JD, Lu S. Relative immunogenicity and protection potential of candidate Yersinia Pestis antigens against lethal mucosal plague challenge in Balb/C mice. Vaccine. 2008 Mar 20; 26(13):1664-74.
  View in: PubMed
 
22. Wang S, Kennedy JS, West K, Montefiori DC, Coley S, Lawrence J, Shen S, Green S, Rothman AL, Ennis FA, Arthos J, Pal R, Markham P, Lu S. Cross-subtype antibody and cellular immune responses induced by a polyvalent DNA prime-protein boost HIV-1 vaccine in healthy human volunteers. Vaccine. 2008 Feb 20; 26(8):1098-110.
  View in: PubMed
 
23. Sakhatskyy P, Wang S, Zhang C, Chou TH, Kishko M, Lu S. Immunogenicity and protection efficacy of subunit-based smallpox vaccines using variola major antigens. Virology. 2008 Feb 5; 371(1):98-107.
  View in: PubMed
 
24. Pouliot K, Pan N, Wang S, Lu S, Lien E, Goguen JD. Evaluation of the role of LcrV-Toll-like receptor 2-mediated immunomodulation in the virulence of Yersinia pestis. Infect Immun. 2007 Jul; 75(7):3571-80.
  View in: PubMed
 
25. Shen S, Wang S, Britt WJ, Lu S. DNA vaccines expressing glycoprotein complex II antigens gM and gN elicited neutralizing antibodies against multiple human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) isolates. Vaccine. 2007 Apr 30; 25(17):3319-27.
  View in: PubMed
 
26. Lu S. Combination DNA plus protein HIV vaccines. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 2006 Nov; 28(3):255-65.
  View in: PubMed
 
27. Wang S, Taaffe J, Parker C, Solórzano A, Cao H, García-Sastre A, Lu S. Hemagglutinin (HA) proteins from H1 and H3 serotypes of influenza A viruses require different antigen designs for the induction of optimal protective antibody responses as studied by codon-optimized HA DNA vaccines. J Virol. 2006 Dec; 80(23):11628-37.
  View in: PubMed
 
28. Sakhatskyy P, Wang S, Chou TH, Lu S. Immunogenicity and protection efficacy of monovalent and polyvalent poxvirus vaccines that include the D8 antigen. Virology. 2006 Nov 25; 355(2):164-74.
  View in: PubMed
 
29. Biswas S, Langeveld JP, Tipper D, Lu S. Intracellular accumulation of a 46 kDa species of mouse prion protein as a result of loss of glycosylation in cultured mammalian cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Oct 13; 349(1):153-61.
  View in: PubMed
 
30. Abdel-Motal U, Wang S, Lu S, Wigglesworth K, Galili U. Increased immunogenicity of human immunodeficiency virus gp120 engineered to express Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-R epitopes. J Virol. 2006 Jul; 80(14):6943-51.
  View in: PubMed
 
31. Wang S, Pal R, Mascola JR, Chou TH, Mboudjeka I, Shen S, Liu Q, Whitney S, Keen T, Nair BC, Kalyanaraman VS, Markham P, Lu S. Polyvalent HIV-1 Env vaccine formulations delivered by the DNA priming plus protein boosting approach are effective in generating neutralizing antibodies against primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from subtypes A, B, C, D and E. Virology. 2006 Jun 20; 350(1):34-47.
  View in: PubMed
 
32. Wang S, Farfan-Arribas DJ, Shen S, Chou TH, Hirsch A, He F, Lu S. Relative contributions of codon usage, promoter efficiency and leader sequence to the antigen expression and immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env DNA vaccine. Vaccine. 2006 May 22; 24(21):4531-40.
  View in: PubMed
 
33. Wang S, Arthos J, Lawrence JM, Van Ryk D, Mboudjeka I, Shen S, Chou TH, Montefiori DC, Lu S. Enhanced immunogenicity of gp120 protein when combined with recombinant DNA priming to generate antibodies that neutralize the JR-FL primary isolate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. J Virol. 2005 Jun; 79(12):7933-7.
  View in: PubMed
 
34. Wang S, Sakhatskyy P, Chou TH, Lu S. Assays for the assessment of neutralizing antibody activities against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SCV). J Immunol Methods. 2005 Jun; 301(1-2):21-30.
  View in: PubMed
 
35. Chou TH, Wang S, Sakhatskyy PV, Mboudjeka I, Mboudoudjeck I, Lawrence JM, Huang S, Coley S, Yang B, Li J, Zhu Q, Lu S. Epitope mapping and biological function analysis of antibodies produced by immunization of mice with an inactivated Chinese isolate of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Virology. 2005 Mar 30; 334(1):134-43.
  View in: PubMed
 
36. Wang S, Chou TH, Sakhatskyy PV, Huang S, Lawrence JM, Cao H, Huang X, Lu S. Identification of two neutralizing regions on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike glycoprotein produced from the mammalian expression system. J Virol. 2005 Feb; 79(3):1906-10.
  View in: PubMed
 
37. Wang S, Heilman D, Liu F, Giehl T, Joshi S, Huang X, Chou TH, Goguen J, Lu S. A DNA vaccine producing LcrV antigen in oligomers is effective in protecting mice from lethal mucosal challenge of plague. Vaccine. 2004 Sep 3; 22(25-26):3348-57.
  View in: PubMed
 
38. Liu F, Mboudjeka I, Shen S, Chou TH, Wang S, Ross TM, Lu S. Independent but not synergistic enhancement to the immunogenicity of DNA vaccine expressing HIV-1 gp120 glycoprotein by codon optimization and C3d fusion in a mouse model. Vaccine. 2004 Apr 16; 22(13-14):1764-72.
  View in: PubMed
 
39. Chou TH, Biswas S, Lu S. Gene delivery using physical methods: an overview. Methods Mol Biol. 2004; 245:147-66.
  View in: PubMed
 
40. Wang S, Joshi S, Lu S. Delivery of DNA to skin by particle bombardment. Methods Mol Biol. 2004; 245:185-96.
  View in: PubMed
 
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Keyword
Last Name
Institution
    
 
 
 
Keywords   
Vaccines, DNA
AIDS Vaccines
HIV Antibodies
HIV Envelope Protein gp120
Immunization, Secondary
See all (174) keywords
Co-Authors  
Clapham, Paul
Ennis, Francis
Goguen, Jon
Green, Sharone
Wang, Shixia
See all (14) people
Physical Neighbors  
Caffrey, Daniel
Lien, Egil
Fitzgerald, Katherine
Gulati, Sunita
Marshall, William

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