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Charles A Specht PhD

TitleAssociate Professor
InstitutionUMass Chan Medical School
DepartmentMedicine
AddressUMass Chan Medical School
364 Plantation Street LRB
Worcester MA 01605
Phone508-856-4721
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    Other Positions
    InstitutionT.H. Chan School of Medicine
    DepartmentMedicine
    DivisionInfectious Diseases


    Collapse Biography 
    Collapse education and training
    University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United StatesBSScience
    University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United StatesPHDPhilosophy

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    PMC Citations indicate the number of times the publication was cited by articles in PubMed Central, and the Altmetric score represents citations in news articles and social media. (Note that publications are often cited in additional ways that are not shown here.) Fields are based on how the National Library of Medicine (NLM) classifies the publication's journal and might not represent the specific topic of the publication. Translation tags are based on the publication type and the MeSH terms NLM assigns to the publication. Some publications (especially newer ones and publications not in PubMed) might not yet be assigned Field or Translation tags.) Click a Field or Translation tag to filter the publications.
    1. Specht CA, Wang R, Oliveira LVN, Hester MM, Gomez C, Mou Z, Carlson D, Lee CK, Hole CR, Lam WC, Upadhya R, Lodge JK, Levitz SM. Immunological correlates of protection mediated by a whole organism, Cryptococcus neoformans, vaccine deficient in chitosan. mBio. 2024 Aug 14; 15(8):e0174624. PMID: 38980038.
      Citations:    
    2. Wang R, Oliveira LVN, Hester MM, Carlson D, Christensen D, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Protection against experimental cryptococcosis elicited by Cationic Adjuvant Formulation 01-adjuvanted subunit vaccines. PLoS Pathog. 2024 Jul; 20(7):e1012220. PMID: 38976694.
      Citations:    
    3. Specht CA, Wang R, Oliveira LVN, Hester MM, Gomez C, Mou Z, Carlson D, Lee CK, Hole CR, Lam WC, Upadhya R, Lodge JK, Levitz SM. Immunological correlates of protection mediated by a whole organism Cryptococcus neoformans vaccine deficient in chitosan. bioRxiv. 2024 Jun 14. PMID: 38915489.
      Citations:    
    4. Wang R, Oliveira LVN, Hester MM, Carlson D, Christensen D, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Protection against experimental cryptococcosis elicited by Cationic Adjuvant Formulation 01-adjuvanted subunit vaccines. bioRxiv. 2024 Apr 28. PMID: 38712080.
      Citations:    
    5. Hester MM, Carlson D, Lodge JK, Levitz SM, Specht CA. Immune evasion by Cryptococcus gattii in vaccinated mice coinfected with C. neoformans. Front Immunol. 2024; 15:1356651. PMID: 38469300.
      Citations:    
    6. Specht CA, Lam WC, Hester MM, Lourenco D, Levitz SM, Lodge JK, Upadhya R. Chitosan-Deficient Cryptococcus as Whole-Cell Vaccines. Methods Mol Biol. 2024; 2775:393-410. PMID: 38758333.
      Citations:    
    7. Maybruck BT, Upadhya R, Lam WC, Specht CA, Lodge JK. Fluorescence and Biochemical Assessment of the Chitin and Chitosan Content of Cryptococcus. Methods Mol Biol. 2024; 2775:329-347. PMID: 38758327.
      Citations:    
    8. Lee CK, Oliveira LVN, Akalin A, Specht CA, Lourenco D, Gomez CL, Ramirez-Ortiz ZG, Wang JP, Levitz SM. Dysregulated pulmonary inflammatory responses exacerbate the outcome of secondary aspergillosis following influenza. mBio. 2023 Oct 31; 14(5):e0163323. PMID: 37681974.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    9. Lee CK, Oliveira LVN, Akalin A, Specht CA, Lourenco D, Gomez CL, Ramirez-Ortiz ZG, Wang JP, Levitz SM. Dysregulated Pulmonary Inflammatory Responses Exacerbate the Outcome of Secondary Aspergillosis Following Influenza. bioRxiv. 2023 Jun 30. PMID: 37425745.
      Citations:    
    10. Soto ER, Specht CA, Lee CK, Levitz SM, Ostroff GR. One Step Purification-Vaccine Delivery System. Pharmaceutics. 2023 May 01; 15(5). PMID: 37242632.
      Citations:    
    11. Soto ER, Specht CA, Rus F, Lee CK, Abraham A, Levitz SM, Ostroff GR. An efficient (nano) silica - In glucan particles protein encapsulation approach for improved thermal stability. J Control Release. 2023 05; 357:175-184. PMID: 36933700.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    12. Wang R, Oliveira LVN, Lourenco D, Gomez CL, Lee CK, Hester MM, Mou Z, Ostroff GR, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Immunological correlates of protection following vaccination with glucan particles containing Cryptococcus neoformans chitin deacetylases. NPJ Vaccines. 2023 Feb 02; 8(1):6. PMID: 36732332.
      Citations:    
    13. Hester MM, Oliveira LVN, Wang R, Mou Z, Lourenco D, Ostroff GR, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Cross-reactivity between vaccine antigens from the chitin deacetylase protein family improves survival in a mouse model of cryptococcosis. Front Immunol. 2022; 13:1015586. PMID: 36248898.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    14. Upadhya R, Lam WC, Hole CR, Parchment D, Lee CK, Specht CA, Levitz SM, Lodge JK. Cryptococcus neoformans Cda1 and Cda2 coordinate deacetylation of chitin during infection to control fungal virulence. Cell Surf. 2021 Dec; 7:100066. PMID: 34712865.
      Citations:    
    15. Yadav B, Specht CA, Lee CK, Pokrovskii M, Huh JR, Littman DR, Levitz SM. Lung eosinophils elicited during allergic and acute aspergillosis express ROR?t and IL-23R but do not require IL-23 for IL-17 production. PLoS Pathog. 2021 08; 17(8):e1009891. PMID: 34464425.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    16. Dos Santos Dias L, Dobson HE, Bakke BK, Kujoth GC, Huang J, Kohn EM, Taira CL, Wang H, Supekar NT, Fites JS, Gates D, Gomez CL, Specht CA, Levitz SM, Azadi P, Li L, Suresh M, Klein BS, W?thrich M. Structural basis of Blastomyces Endoglucanase-2 adjuvancy in anti-fungal and -viral immunity. PLoS Pathog. 2021 03; 17(3):e1009324. PMID: 33735218.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    17. Oliveira LVN, Wang R, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Vaccines for human fungal diseases: close but still a long way to go. NPJ Vaccines. 2021 Mar 03; 6(1):33. PMID: 33658522.
      Citations:    
    18. Specht CA, Homan EJ, Lee CK, Mou Z, Gomez CL, Hester MM, Abraham A, Rus F, Ostroff GR, Levitz SM. Protection of Mice against Experimental Cryptococcosis by Synthesized Peptides Delivered in Glucan Particles. mBio. 2021 02 22; 13(1):e0336721. PMID: 35089095.
      Citations: 10     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    19. Maybruck BT, Lam WC, Specht CA, Ilagan MXG, Donlin MJ, Lodge JK. The Aminoalkylindole BML-190 Negatively Regulates Chitosan Synthesis via the Cyclic AMP/Protein Kinase A1 Pathway in Cryptococcus neoformans. mBio. 2019 12 17; 10(6). PMID: 31848271.
      Citations: 1     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    20. Hester MM, Lee CK, Abraham A, Khoshkenar P, Ostroff GR, Levitz SM, Specht CA. Protection of mice against experimental cryptococcosis using glucan particle-based vaccines containing novel recombinant antigens. Vaccine. 2020 01 16; 38(3):620-626. PMID: 31699504.
      Citations: 18     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    21. Lam WC, Upadhya R, Specht CA, Ragsdale AE, Hole CR, Levitz SM, Lodge JK. Chitosan Biosynthesis and Virulence in the Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus gattii. mSphere. 2019 10 09; 4(5). PMID: 31597720.
      Citations: 9     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    22. Akilimali NA, Muema DM, Specht C, Chang CC, Moosa MS, Levitz SM, Lewin SR, French MA, Ndung'u T. Cryptococcosis-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Is Associated With Dysregulation of IL-7/IL-7 Receptor Signaling Pathway in T Cells and Monocyte Activation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2019 04 15; 80(5):596-604. PMID: 30649031.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:HumansCells
    23. Upadhya R, Baker LG, Lam WC, Specht CA, Donlin MJ, Lodge JK. Cryptococcus neoformans Cda1 and Its Chitin Deacetylase Activity Are Required for Fungal Pathogenesis. mBio. 2018 11 20; 9(6). PMID: 30459196.
      Citations: 32     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    24. Deepe GS, Buesing WR, Ostroff GR, Abraham A, Specht CA, Huang H, Levitz SM. Vaccination with an alkaline extract of Histoplasma capsulatum packaged in glucan particles confers protective immunity in mice. Vaccine. 2018 05 31; 36(23):3359-3367. PMID: 29729993.
      Citations: 18     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    25. Specht CA, Lee CK, Huang H, Hester MM, Liu J, Luckie BA, Torres Santana MA, Mirza Z, Khoshkenar P, Abraham A, Shen ZT, Lodge JK, Akalin A, Homan J, Ostroff GR, Levitz SM. Vaccination with Recombinant Cryptococcus Proteins in Glucan Particles Protects Mice against Cryptococcosis in a Manner Dependent upon Mouse Strain and Cryptococcal Species. mBio. 2017 11 28; 8(6). PMID: 29184017.
      Citations: 39     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    26. Guerra ES, Lee CK, Specht CA, Yadav B, Huang H, Akalin A, Huh JR, Mueller C, Levitz SM. Central Role of IL-23 and IL-17 Producing Eosinophils as Immunomodulatory Effector Cells in Acute Pulmonary Aspergillosis and Allergic Asthma. PLoS Pathog. 2017 01; 13(1):e1006175. PMID: 28095479.
      Citations: 44     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    27. Upadhya R, Lam WC, Maybruck B, Specht CA, Levitz SM, Lodge JK. Induction of Protective Immunity to Cryptococcal Infection in Mice by a Heat-Killed, Chitosan-Deficient Strain of Cryptococcus neoformans. mBio. 2016 05 10; 7(3). PMID: 27165801.
      Citations: 49     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    28. Specht CA, Lee CK, Huang H, Tipper DJ, Shen ZT, Lodge JK, Leszyk J, Ostroff GR, Levitz SM. Protection against Experimental Cryptococcosis following Vaccination with Glucan Particles Containing Cryptococcus Alkaline Extracts. mBio. 2015 Dec 22; 6(6):e01905-15. PMID: 26695631.
      Citations: 42     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    29. Varlotto J, DiMaio C, Grassberger C, Tangel M, Mackley H, Pavelic M, Specht C, Sogge S, Nguyen D, Glantz M, Saw C, Upadhyay U, Moser R, Yunus S, Rava P, Fitzgerald T, Glanzman J, Sheehan J. Multi-modality management of craniopharyngioma: a review of various treatments and their outcomes. Neurooncol Pract. 2016 Sep; 3(3):173-187. PMID: 31386091.
      Citations:    
    30. Wiesner DL, Specht CA, Lee CK, Smith KD, Mukaremera L, Lee ST, Lee CG, Elias JA, Nielsen JN, Boulware DR, Bohjanen PR, Jenkins MK, Levitz SM, Nielsen K. Chitin recognition via chitotriosidase promotes pathologic type-2 helper T cell responses to cryptococcal infection. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Mar; 11(3):e1004701. PMID: 25764512.
      Citations: 98     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    31. Chaudhari SS, Noh MY, Moussian B, Specht CA, Kramer KJ, Beeman RW, Arakane Y, Muthukrishnan S. Knickkopf and retroactive proteins are required for formation of laminar serosal procuticle during embryonic development of Tribolium castaneum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2015 May; 60:1-6. PMID: 25747009.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    32. Loures FV, R?hm M, Lee CK, Santos E, Wang JP, Specht CA, Calich VL, Urban CF, Levitz SM. Recognition of Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae by human plasmacytoid dendritic cells is mediated by dectin-2 and results in formation of extracellular traps. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Feb; 11(2):e1004643. PMID: 25659141.
      Citations: 81     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    33. Levitz SM, Huang H, Ostroff GR, Specht CA. Exploiting fungal cell wall components in vaccines. Semin Immunopathol. 2015 Mar; 37(2):199-207. PMID: 25404118.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    34. Chaudhari SS, Moussian B, Specht CA, Arakane Y, Kramer KJ, Beeman RW, Muthukrishnan S. Functional specialization among members of Knickkopf family of proteins in insect cuticle organization. PLoS Genet. 2014 Aug; 10(8):e1004537. PMID: 25144557.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    35. Donlin MJ, Upadhya R, Gerik KJ, Lam W, VanArendonk LG, Specht CA, Sharma NK, Lodge JK. Cross talk between the cell wall integrity and cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathways in Cryptococcus neoformans. mBio. 2014 Aug 12; 5(4). PMID: 25118241.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    36. Bueter CL, Lee CK, Wang JP, Ostroff GR, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Spectrum and mechanisms of inflammasome activation by chitosan. J Immunol. 2014 Jun 15; 192(12):5943-51. PMID: 24829412.
      Citations: 50     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    37. Huang H, Ostroff GR, Lee CK, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Characterization and optimization of the glucan particle-based vaccine platform. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013 Oct; 20(10):1585-91. PMID: 23945157.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    38. Chaudhari SS, Arakane Y, Specht CA, Moussian B, Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S, Beeman RW. Retroactive maintains cuticle integrity by promoting the trafficking of Knickkopf into the procuticle of Tribolium castaneum. PLoS Genet. 2013; 9(1):e1003268. PMID: 23382702.
      Citations: 15     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    39. Bueter CL, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Innate sensing of chitin and chitosan. PLoS Pathog. 2013 Jan; 9(1):e1003080. PMID: 23326227.
      Citations: 73     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    40. Jasrapuria S, Specht CA, Kramer KJ, Beeman RW, Muthukrishnan S. Gene families of cuticular proteins analogous to peritrophins (CPAPs) in Tribolium castaneum have diverse functions. PLoS One. 2012; 7(11):e49844. PMID: 23185457.
      Citations: 29     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    41. Heustis RJ, Ng HK, Brand KJ, Rogers MC, Le LT, Specht CA, Fuhrman JA. Pharyngeal polysaccharide deacetylases affect development in the nematode C. elegans and deacetylate chitin in vitro. PLoS One. 2012; 7(7):e40426. PMID: 22808160.
      Citations: 13     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    42. Huang H, Ostroff GR, Lee CK, Agarwal S, Ram S, Rice PA, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Relative contributions of dectin-1 and complement to immune responses to particulate ?-glucans. J Immunol. 2012 Jul 01; 189(1):312-7. PMID: 22649195.
      Citations: 48     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    43. Gilbert NM, Baker LG, Specht CA, Lodge JK. A glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor is required for membrane localization but dispensable for cell wall association of chitin deacetylase 2 in Cryptococcus neoformans. mBio. 2012; 3(1). PMID: 22354955.
      Citations: 22     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    44. Merzendorfer H, Kim HS, Chaudhari SS, Kumari M, Specht CA, Butcher S, Brown SJ, Manak JR, Beeman RW, Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S. Genomic and proteomic studies on the effects of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron in the model beetle species Tribolium castaneum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2012 Apr; 42(4):264-76. PMID: 22212827.
      Citations: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    45. Chaudhari SS, Arakane Y, Specht CA, Moussian B, Boyle DL, Park Y, Kramer KJ, Beeman RW, Muthukrishnan S. Knickkopf protein protects and organizes chitin in the newly synthesized insect exoskeleton. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Oct 11; 108(41):17028-33. PMID: 21930896.
      Citations: 34     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    46. Agarwal S, Specht CA, Haibin H, Ostroff GR, Ram S, Rice PA, Levitz SM. Linkage specificity and role of properdin in activation of the alternative complement pathway by fungal glycans. mBio. 2011; 2(5). PMID: 21878570.
      Citations: 24     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimals
    47. Bueter CL, Lee CK, Rathinam VAK, Healy GJ, Taron CH, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Chitosan but not chitin activates the inflammasome by a mechanism dependent upon phagocytosis. J Biol Chem. 2011 Oct 14; 286(41):35447-35455. PMID: 21862582.
      Citations: 65     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    48. Baker LG, Specht CA, Lodge JK. Cell wall chitosan is necessary for virulence in the opportunistic pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot Cell. 2011 Sep; 10(9):1264-8. PMID: 21784998.
      Citations: 59     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    49. Ramirez-Ortiz ZG, Lee CK, Wang JP, Boon L, Specht CA, Levitz SM. A nonredundant role for plasmacytoid dendritic cells in host defense against the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Cell Host Microbe. 2011 May 19; 9(5):415-24. PMID: 21575912.
      Citations: 67     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    50. Jesus MD, Nicola AM, Chow SK, Lee IR, Nong S, Specht CA, Levitz SM, Casadevall A. Glucuronoxylomannan, galactoxylomannan, and mannoprotein occupy spatially separate and discrete regions in the capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans. Virulence. 2010 Nov-Dec; 1(6):500-8. PMID: 21178496.
      Citations: 17     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    51. Huang H, Ostroff GR, Lee CK, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Robust stimulation of humoral and cellular immune responses following vaccination with antigen-loaded beta-glucan particles. mBio. 2010 Jul 20; 1(3). PMID: 20802824.
      Citations: 60     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCellsPHPublic Health
    52. Gilbert NM, Donlin MJ, Gerik KJ, Specht CA, Djordjevic JT, Wilson CF, Sorrell TC, Lodge JK. KRE genes are required for beta-1,6-glucan synthesis, maintenance of capsule architecture and cell wall protein anchoring in Cryptococcus neoformans. Mol Microbiol. 2010 Apr; 76(2):517-34. PMID: 20384682.
      Citations: 48     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    53. Baker LG, Specht CA, Lodge JK. Chitinases are essential for sexual development but not vegetative growth in Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot Cell. 2009 Nov; 8(11):1692-705. PMID: 19734369.
      Citations: 20     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    54. Huang H, Ostroff GR, Lee CK, Wang JP, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Distinct patterns of dendritic cell cytokine release stimulated by fungal beta-glucans and toll-like receptor agonists. Infect Immun. 2009 May; 77(5):1774-81. PMID: 19273561.
      Citations: 59     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    55. Arakane Y, Dixit R, Begum K, Park Y, Specht CA, Merzendorfer H, Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S, Beeman RW. Analysis of functions of the chitin deacetylase gene family in Tribolium castaneum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2009 May-Jun; 39(5-6):355-65. PMID: 19268706.
      Citations: 57     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    56. Gerik KJ, Bhimireddy SR, Ryerse JS, Specht CA, Lodge JK. PKC1 is essential for protection against both oxidative and nitrosative stresses, cell integrity, and normal manifestation of virulence factors in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot Cell. 2008 Oct; 7(10):1685-98. PMID: 18689526.
      Citations: 76     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    57. Arakane Y, Specht CA, Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S, Beeman RW. Chitin synthases are required for survival, fecundity and egg hatch in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Oct; 38(10):959-62. PMID: 18718535.
      Citations: 46     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    58. Ramirez-Ortiz ZG, Specht CA, Wang JP, Lee CK, Bartholomeu DC, Gazzinelli RT, Levitz SM. Toll-like receptor 9-dependent immune activation by unmethylated CpG motifs in Aspergillus fumigatus DNA. Infect Immun. 2008 May; 76(5):2123-9. PMID: 18332208.
      Citations: 80     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    59. Dixit R, Arakane Y, Specht CA, Richard C, Kramer KJ, Beeman RW, Muthukrishnan S. Domain organization and phylogenetic analysis of proteins from the chitin deacetylase gene family of Tribolium castaneum and three other species of insects. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Apr; 38(4):440-51. PMID: 18342249.
      Citations: 41     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    60. Specht CA, Nong S, Dan JM, Lee CK, Levitz SM. Contribution of glycosylation to T cell responses stimulated by recombinant Cryptococcus neoformans mannoprotein. J Infect Dis. 2007 Sep 01; 196(5):796-800. PMID: 17674324.
      Citations: 34     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    61. Baker LG, Specht CA, Donlin MJ, Lodge JK. Chitosan, the deacetylated form of chitin, is necessary for cell wall integrity in Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot Cell. 2007 May; 6(5):855-67. PMID: 17400891.
      Citations: 172     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    62. Levitz SM, Specht CA. The molecular basis for the immunogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans mannoproteins. FEMS Yeast Res. 2006 Jun; 6(4):513-24. PMID: 16696647.
      Citations: 78     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    63. Van Dellen KL, Bulik DA, Specht CA, Robbins PW, Samuelson JC. Heterologous expression of an Entamoeba histolytica chitin synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eukaryot Cell. 2006 Jan; 5(1):203-6. PMID: 16400183.
      Citations: 10     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    64. Lam JS, Mansour MK, Specht CA, Levitz SM. A model vaccine exploiting fungal mannosylation to increase antigen immunogenicity. J Immunol. 2005 Dec 01; 175(11):7496-503. PMID: 16301657.
      Citations: 38     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    65. Banks IR, Specht CA, Donlin MJ, Gerik KJ, Levitz SM, Lodge JK. A chitin synthase and its regulator protein are critical for chitosan production and growth of the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Eukaryot Cell. 2005 Nov; 4(11):1902-12. PMID: 16278457.
      Citations: 120     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    66. D?nkler A, Walther A, Specht CA, Wendland J. Candida albicans CHT3 encodes the functional homolog of the Cts1 chitinase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Fungal Genet Biol. 2005 Nov; 42(11):935-47. PMID: 16214381.
      Citations: 40     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    67. Colussi PA, Specht CA, Taron CH. Characterization of a nucleus-encoded chitinase from the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jun; 71(6):2862-9. PMID: 15932978.
      Citations: 10     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    68. Hogenkamp DG, Arakane Y, Zimoch L, Merzendorfer H, Kramer KJ, Beeman RW, Kanost MR, Specht CA, Muthukrishnan S. Chitin synthase genes in Manduca sexta: characterization of a gut-specific transcript and differential tissue expression of alternately spliced mRNAs during development. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Jun; 35(6):529-40. PMID: 15857759.
      Citations: 30     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    69. Lesage G, Shapiro J, Specht CA, Sdicu AM, M?nard P, Hussein S, Tong AH, Boone C, Bussey H. An interactional network of genes involved in chitin synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BMC Genet. 2005 Feb 16; 6:8. PMID: 15715908.
      Citations: 60     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    70. Loftus BJ, Fung E, Roncaglia P, Rowley D, Amedeo P, Bruno D, Vamathevan J, Miranda M, Anderson IJ, Fraser JA, Allen JE, Bosdet IE, Brent MR, Chiu R, Doering TL, Donlin MJ, D'Souza CA, Fox DS, Grinberg V, Fu J, Fukushima M, Haas BJ, Huang JC, Janbon G, Jones SJ, Koo HL, Krzywinski MI, Kwon-Chung JK, Lengeler KB, Maiti R, Marra MA, Marra RE, Mathewson CA, Mitchell TG, Pertea M, Riggs FR, Salzberg SL, Schein JE, Shvartsbeyn A, Shin H, Shumway M, Specht CA, Suh BB, Tenney A, Utterback TR, Wickes BL, Wortman JR, Wye NH, Kronstad JW, Lodge JK, Heitman J, Davis RW, Fraser CM, Hyman RW. The genome of the basidiomycetous yeast and human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Science. 2005 Feb 25; 307(5713):1321-4. PMID: 15653466.
      Citations: 350     Fields:    Translation:HumansAnimalsCells
    71. Sobering AK, Watanabe R, Romeo MJ, Yan BC, Specht CA, Orlean P, Riezman H, Levin DE. Yeast Ras regulates the complex that catalyzes the first step in GPI-anchor biosynthesis at the ER. Cell. 2004 May 28; 117(5):637-48. PMID: 15163411.
      Citations: 27     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    72. Garcer?-Teruel A, Xoconostle-C?zares B, Rosas-Quijano R, Ortiz L, Le?n-Ram?rez C, Specht CA, Sentandreu R, Ruiz-Herrera J. Loss of virulence in Ustilago maydis by Umchs6 gene disruption. Res Microbiol. 2004 Mar; 155(2):87-97. PMID: 14990260.
      Citations: 20     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    73. Arakane Y, Hogenkamp DG, Zhu YC, Kramer KJ, Specht CA, Beeman RW, Kanost MR, Muthukrishnan S. Characterization of two chitin synthase genes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and alternate exon usage in one of the genes during development. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Mar; 34(3):291-304. PMID: 14871625.
      Citations: 50     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    74. Bulik DA, Olczak M, Lucero HA, Osmond BC, Robbins PW, Specht CA. Chitin synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to supplementation of growth medium with glucosamine and cell wall stress. Eukaryot Cell. 2003 Oct; 2(5):886-900. PMID: 14555471.
      Citations: 67     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    75. Zhu YC, Specht CA, Dittmer NT, Muthukrishnan S, Kanost MR, Kramer KJ. Sequence of a cDNA and expression of the gene encoding a putative epidermal chitin synthase of Manduca sexta. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Nov; 32(11):1497-506. PMID: 12530217.
      Citations: 19     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    76. Huang C, Nong SH, Mansour MK, Specht CA, Levitz SM. Purification and characterization of a second immunoreactive mannoprotein from Cryptococcus neoformans that stimulates T-Cell responses. Infect Immun. 2002 Oct; 70(10):5485-93. PMID: 12228274.
      Citations: 42     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    77. Specht CA. Isolation of the B alpha and B beta mating-type loci of Schizophyllum commune. Curr Genet. 1995 Sep; 28(4):374-9. PMID: 8590484.
      Citations: 10     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    78. Ullrich RC, Specht CA, Stankis MM, Yang H, Giasson L, Novotny CP. Molecular biology of mating-type determination in Schizophyllum commune. Genet Eng (N Y). 1991; 13:279-306. PMID: 1367417.
      Citations: 5     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    79. Munoz-Rivas A, Specht CA, Drummond BJ, Froeliger E, Novotny CP, Ullrich RC. Transformation of the basidiomycete, Schizophyllum commune. Mol Gen Genet. 1986 Oct; 205(1):103-6. PMID: 3467155.
      Citations: 21     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    80. Price M, Specht C, Boudreau RE, Shaw DE, Weller DL. Preliminary characterization of ribosomes of Entamoeba invadens. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1983 Jun; 8(2):137-43. PMID: 6348536.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    81. Hanlon DP, Specht C, Ferm VH. The chemical status of cadmium ion in the placenta. Environ Res. 1982 Feb; 27(1):89-94. PMID: 7067683.
      Citations: 3     Fields:    Translation:Animals
    82. Specht CA, DiRusso CC, Novotny CP, Ullrich RC. A method for extracting high-molecular-weight deoxyribonucleic acid from fungi. Anal Biochem. 1982 Jan 01; 119(1):158-63. PMID: 7041693.
      Citations: 63     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
    83. Weller DL, Richman A, Specht C. Ribonuclease of Entamoeba invadens. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1981 Nov; 4(1-2):1-7. PMID: 6172708.
      Citations:    Fields:    Translation:Animals
    84. Ullrich RC, Kohorn BD, Specht CA. Absence of short-period repetitive-sequence interspersion in the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune. Chromosoma. 1980; 81(3):371-8. PMID: 6256137.
      Citations: 6     Fields:    Translation:AnimalsCells
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