Immunization

"Immunization" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure, which enables searching at various levels of specificity.

MeSH information

Definition | Details | More General Concepts | Related Concepts | More Specific Concepts

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

Descriptor ID	D007114
MeSH Number(s)	E02.095.465.425.400 E05.478.550 N02.421.726.758.310 N06.850.780.200.425 N06.850.780.680.310
Concept/Terms	Immunization Immunization Immunizations Sensitization, Immunologic Sensitization, Immunological Immunological Sensitization Immunological Sensitizations Sensitizations, Immunological Immunologic Stimulation Immunostimulation Immunological Stimulation Immunological Stimulations Stimulation, Immunological Stimulations, Immunological Immunologic Sensitization Stimulation, Immunologic Variolation Variolation Variolations

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Immunization".

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment [E]
Therapeutics [E02]
Biological Therapy [E02.095]
Immunomodulation [E02.095.465]
Immunotherapy [E02.095.465.425]
Immunization [E02.095.465.425.400]
Investigative Techniques [E05]
Immunologic Techniques [E05.478]
Immunization [E05.478.550]
Health Care [N]
Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services [N02]
Health Services [N02.421]
Preventive Health Services [N02.421.726]
Primary Prevention [N02.421.726.758]
Immunization [N02.421.726.758.310]
Environment and Public Health [N06]
Public Health [N06.850]
Public Health Practice [N06.850.780]
Communicable Disease Control [N06.850.780.200]
Immunization [N06.850.780.200.425]
Primary Prevention [N06.850.780.680]
Immunization [N06.850.780.680.310]

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Immunization".

publications

Timeline | Most Recent

This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Immunization" by people in this website by year, and whether "Immunization" was a major or minor topic of these publications.

Bar chart showing 109 publications over 29 distinct years, with a maximum of 8 publications in 2005

To see the data from this visualization as text, click here.

Year	Major Topic	Minor Topic	Total
1996	1	1	2
1997	0	4	4
1998	2	4	6
1999	2	2	4
2000	1	1	2
2001	0	2	2
2002	1	3	4
2003	1	3	4
2005	2	6	8
2006	1	2	3
2007	0	2	2
2008	0	6	6
2009	1	3	4
2010	3	4	7
2011	1	3	4
2012	1	1	2
2013	1	2	3
2014	1	2	3
2015	2	5	7
2016	1	4	5
2017	0	3	3
2018	1	2	3
2019	0	2	2
2020	1	3	4
2021	0	4	4
2022	0	4	4
2023	0	4	4
2024	0	1	1
2025	1	1	2

Below are the most recent publications written about "Immunization" by people in Profiles.

Vanasse LT, Safdar B, Self WH, Zhu Y, Ginde AA, Peltan ID, Brown SM, Gaglani M, Ghamande S, Columbus C, Mohr NM, Gibbs KW, Hager DN, Mohamed A, Johnson NJ, Steingrub JS, Khan A, Wilson JG, Qadir N, Chang SY, Mallow C, Busse LW, Felzer J, Kwon JH, Exline MC, Vaughn IA, Ramesh M, Mosier JM, Harris ES, Baughman A, Cornelison SA, Johnson C, Blair PW, Halasa N, Lewis N, Ellington S, Rutkowski RE, Cox MS, Dawood FS, Surie D. Comparison of immunization information systems, electronic medical records, and self-report to ascertain RSV vaccination status among US adults aged =60?years, 2023-2024. Vaccine. 2026 Jan 01; 69:127946.

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Dos Santos NSA, de Almeida-J?nior CR, Ricci MF, Sanches RCO, Fernandes RS, Burle-Caldas GA, de Castro JT, Reis-Cunha JL, Bartholomeu DC, Meira ACM, Nascimento TG, Oliveira NFM, Gazzinelli RT, Machado FS, Teixeira SMR. RNA and protein immunization with Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase containing SAPA repeats protects mice against infection and promotes a balanced inflammatory response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025; 15:1681807.

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Marquard J, Austin R, Rajamani S. Design of patient-facing immunization visualizations affects task performance: an experimental comparison of 4 electronic visualizations. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2024 Nov 01; 31(11):2429-2439.

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Richie TL, Church LWP, Murshedkar T, Billingsley PF, James ER, Chen MC, Abebe Y, K C N, Chakravarty S, Dolberg D, Healy SA, Diawara H, Sissoko MS, Sagara I, Cook DM, Epstein JE, Mordm?ller B, Kapulu M, Kreidenweiss A, Franke-Fayard B, Agnandji ST, L?pez Mikue MA, McCall MBB, Steinhardt L, Oneko M, Olotu A, Vaughan AM, Kublin JG, Murphy SC, Jongo S, Tanner M, Sirima SB, Laurens MB, Daubenberger C, Silva JC, Lyke KE, Janse CJ, Roestenberg M, Sauerwein RW, Abdulla S, Dicko A, Kappe SHI, Sim BKL, Duffy PE, Kremsner PG, Hoffman SL. Sporozoite immunization: innovative translational science to support the fight against malaria. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2023 Jan-Dec; 22(1):964-1007.

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Escoffery C, Petagna C, Agnone C, Perez S, Saber LB, Ryan G, Dhir M, Sekar S, Yeager KA, Biddell CB, Madhivanan P, Lee S, English AS, Savas L, Daly E, Vu T, Fernandez ME. A systematic review of interventions to promote HPV vaccination globally. BMC Public Health. 2023 06 29; 23(1):1262.

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Surie D, Bonnell LN, DeCuir J, Gaglani M, McNeal T, Ghamande S, Steingrub JS, Shapiro NI, Busse LW, Prekker ME, Peltan ID, Brown SM, Hager DN, Ali H, Gong MN, Mohamed A, Khan A, Wilson JG, Qadir N, Chang SY, Ginde AA, Huynh D, Mohr NM, Mallow C, Martin ET, Lauring AS, Johnson NJ, Casey JD, Gibbs KW, Kwon JH, Baughman A, Chappell JD, Hart KW, Grijalva CG, Rhoads JP, Swan SA, Keipp Talbot H, Womack KN, Zhu Y, Tenforde MW, Adams K, Self WH, McMorrow ML. Comparison of mRNA vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19-associated hospitalization by vaccination source: Immunization information systems, electronic medical records, and self-report-IVY Network, February 1-August 31, 2022. Vaccine. 2023 06 29; 41(29):4249-4256.

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Liang W, Xiao H, Chen JY, Chang YF, Cao SJ, Wen YP, Wu R, Du SY, Yan QG, Huang XB, Zhao Q. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a multi-epitope recombinant toxin antigen of Pasteurella multocida against virulent challenge in mice. Vaccine. 2023 03 31; 41(14):2387-2396.

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Blanco JCG, Cullen LM, Kamali A, Sylla FYD, Chinmoun Z, Boukhvalova MS, Morrison TG. Correlative outcomes of maternal immunization against RSV in cotton rats. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 12 30; 18(7):2148499.

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Desalermos A, Pimienta M, Kalligeros M, Shehadeh F, Diamantopoulos L, Karamanolis G, Caldera F, Farraye FA. Safety of Immunizations for the Adult Patient With Inflammatory Bowel Disease-A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2022 09 01; 28(9):1430-1442.

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Dionne AR, Sittard L, Cohen LB, Feret B, Hume AL. Incorporating a learning unit on vaccine hesitancy into a first-year doctor of pharmacy immunization course. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2022 07; 14(7):875-880.

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