Toll-Like Receptors

"Toll-Like Receptors" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure, which enables searching at various levels of specificity.

MeSH information

Definition | Details | More General Concepts | Related Concepts | More Specific Concepts

A family of pattern recognition receptors characterized by an extracellular leucine-rich domain and a cytoplasmic domain that share homology with the INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR and the DROSOPHILA toll protein. Following pathogen recognition, toll-like receptors recruit and activate a variety of SIGNAL TRANSDUCING ADAPTOR PROTEINS.

Descriptor ID	D051193
MeSH Number(s)	D12.776.543.750.705.910.500
Concept/Terms	Toll-Like Receptors Toll-Like Receptors Toll Like Receptors Toll-Like Receptor Receptor, Toll-Like Toll Like Receptor Receptors, Toll-Like Receptors, Toll Like

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Toll-Like Receptors".

Chemicals and Drugs [D]
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins [D12]
Proteins [D12.776]
Membrane Proteins [D12.776.543]
Receptors, Cell Surface [D12.776.543.750]
Receptors, Immunologic [D12.776.543.750.705]
Receptors, Pattern Recognition [D12.776.543.750.705.910]
Toll-Like Receptors [D12.776.543.750.705.910.500]

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is related to "Toll-Like Receptors".

Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Toll-Like Receptors".

publications

Timeline | Most Recent

This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Toll-Like Receptors" by people in this website by year, and whether "Toll-Like Receptors" was a major or minor topic of these publications.

Bar chart showing 291 publications over 25 distinct years, with a maximum of 43 publications in 2004

To see the data from this visualization as text, click here.

Year	Major Topic	Minor Topic	Total
1999	0	8	8
2000	0	9	9
2001	0	16	16
2002	0	23	23
2003	0	21	21
2004	0	43	43
2005	5	19	24
2006	11	3	14
2007	17	3	20
2008	9	5	14
2009	10	3	13
2010	5	3	8
2011	5	9	14
2012	1	3	4
2013	9	7	16
2014	5	2	7
2015	4	1	5
2016	6	3	9
2017	2	3	5
2018	2	1	3
2019	3	2	5
2020	3	2	5
2021	0	1	1
2024	1	2	3
2025	0	1	1

Below are the most recent publications written about "Toll-Like Receptors" by people in Profiles.

Sato R, Liu K, Shibata T, Hoshino K, Yamaguchi K, Miyazaki T, Hiranuma R, Fukui R, Motoi Y, Fukuda-Ohta Y, Zhang Y, Reuter T, Ishida Y, Kondo T, Chiba T, Asahara H, Taoka M, Yamauchi Y, Isobe T, Kaisho T, Furukawa Y, Latz E, Nakatani K, Izumi Y, Nie Y, Taniguchi H, Miyake K. RNase T2 deficiency promotes TLR13-dependent replenishment of tissue-protective Kupffer cells. J Exp Med. 2025 Mar 03; 222(3).

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Bharadwaj R, Jaiswal S, Silverman N. Cytosolic delivery of innate immune agonists. Trends Immunol. 2024 Dec; 45(12):1001-1014.

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Wang W, Dernst A, Martin B, Lorenzi L, Cadefau-Fabregat M, Phulphagar K, Wagener A, Budden C, Stair N, Wagner T, F?rber H, Jaensch A, Stahl R, Duthie F, Schmidt SV, Coll RC, Meissner F, Cuartero S, Latz E, Mangan MSJ. Butyrate and propionate are microbial danger signals that activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in human macrophages upon TLR stimulation. Cell Rep. 2024 09 24; 43(9):114736.

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Alsaiari SK, Nadeef S, Daristotle JL, Rothwell W, Du B, Garcia J, Zhang L, Sarmadi M, Forster TA, Menon N, Lin SQ, Tostanoski LH, Hachmann N, Wang EY, Ventura JD, Barouch DH, Langer R, Jaklenec A. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks activate endosomal Toll-like receptors and potentiate immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Sci Adv. 2024 Mar 08; 10(10):eadj6380.

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Xia S, Chen Z, Shen C, Fu TM. Higher-order assemblies in immune signaling: supramolecular complexes and phase separation. Protein Cell. 2021 09; 12(9):680-694.

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Sato R, Reuter T, Hiranuma R, Shibata T, Fukui R, Motoi Y, Murakami Y, Tsukamoto H, Yamazaki S, Liu K, Saitoh SI, Latz E, Miyake K. The impact of cell maturation and tissue microenvironments on the expression of endosomal Toll-like receptors in monocytes and macrophages. Int Immunol. 2020 11 23; 32(12):785-798.

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Pereira LMN, Assis PA, de Ara?jo NM, Durso DF, Junqueira C, Ata?de MA, Pereira DB, Lien E, Fitzgerald KA, Zamboni DS, Golenbock DT, Gazzinelli RT. Caspase-8 mediates inflammation and disease in rodent malaria. Nat Commun. 2020 09 14; 11(1):4596.

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Koupenova M, Freedman JE. Platelets and Immunity: Going Viral. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020 07; 40(7):1605-1607.

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Marshak-Rothstein A, Manning CA, Baum R, Pawaria S, Gravallese EM. Interplay of Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase/Stimulator of IFN Genes and Toll-Like Receptor Nucleic Acid Sensing Pathways in Autoinflammation and Abnormal Bone Formation due to DNaseII-Deficiency. Viral Immunol. 2020 04; 33(3):246-249.

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Fitzgerald KA, Kagan JC. Toll-like Receptors and the Control of Immunity. Cell. 2020 03 19; 180(6):1044-1066.

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